Structure And Function Of Back of the Eye

              "BACK OF THE EYE"

Light is focused into the back of your eye, where it is converted into electrical impulses, allowing you to see clearly. Your brain processes, organized, and interprets these impulses as they travel from your eye to create an image that you can see and understand.  

    
The back of the eye consist of following parts:

1.Retina 

2.Optic Nerve

3.Vitreous Humor

4.Lens

5.Ciliary Body

6.Choroid

7.Aqueous Humor

8.Hyaloid Canal

1.RETINA:

                  The layer of cells that lines the rear wall of the eye is called the retina. This layer detects light and communicates with the brain to enable vision.The retina is associated to several aspects of the eye. They consist of:

• Peripheral Retina
• Macula
• Fovea
• Photoreceptors
• Rods
• Cones     

2.OPTIC NERVE:

                    The retina is connected to the visual cortex in the rear of the brain by the optic nerve.The rear of the eye contains the optic nerve. The second cranial nerve is another name for it. It is one of a number of cranial nerve pairs. The optic nerve's function is to transmit electrical impulses from the retina to the brain's vision centres in order to relay visual information.

3.VITREOUS HUMOR:

                                  The main function of the vitreous humour is to preserve the eye's spherical form. The retina, the layer at the rear of the eye that is sensitive to light, is kept linked to the vitreous humour by virtue of its size and shape. Another component of the eye that can improve vision clarity is the vitreous fluid. Light can flow through the vitreous fluid and reach the retina since it is a transparent substance. 

4.LENS:

              The crystalline lens, commonly known as the lens of the eye, is a critical element of the anatomy of the eye that enables the eye to focus on things at various distances. It is situated in front of the vitreous body and behind the iris

5.CILIARY BODY: 

                          The iris is surrounded by a ring of tissue called the ciliary body, which links it to the choroid. Because it is hidden behind the iris and sclera, the white component of the eye, the ciliary body cannot be seen when you look at the eye. Utilizing microscopic fibres, the ciliary body secures the eye's lens behind the pupil. The ability of the eye to automatically boost its focusing strength to enable the eye to clearly view close objects is referred to as accommodation.

6.CHOROID:

                      The vascular layer of the eye is called choroid. It is a thin layer of tissue that is a part of the middle layer of the eye wall, situated between the sclera and the retina. It is also known as the choroid coat. Blood veins abound in the choroid, which supplies the retina's outer layers with nutrients and oxygen.

7.AQUEOUS HUMOR:

                          The aqueous humour, or eye fluid, fills the anterior and posterior chambers.It is comparable to plasma but has lower levels of protein. is 99.9% water; the remaining 0.1% is made up of carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins, and other minerals.It gives the eye its form and provides nutrients to the cornea and lens.

8.HYALOID CANAL:

                  Hyaloid canal is a small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optic nerve disc to the lens.It protects the hyaloid artery in the developing eye by acting as a perivascular sheath.